Rotary motor.



No. 776,387. P ATENTED Nov.. 29, 1904.

c. o. DEUTSGHMANN.

'ROTARY MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 7, i902.

N0 MMMM L. l 4 SHBETS-SHBBT 1.

Ulf/army PATENTED NOV. 29, 1904.

No. 776387. y

c. o. DEUTSGHMANN.

RUTARY MOTOR.

APPLIGATION FILED MAR. 7, 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

N() MODEL.

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No. 776,387. PATENTED Nov. 29, 1904.`

o. o. DBUTSGHMANN.

ROTARY MoToR.

APPLICATION FILED HAB. "l, 1902.

` No MODEL, 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

www; y I JWM MMW a PATENTBD NOV. 29, 1904.

C. O. DEUTSCHMANNY.

ROTARY MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.7,1902A 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

N0 MODEL.

llama @trames Patented November 29, 1904.

FF ICEo ROTARY MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 776,387, dated November 29, 1904.

Application filed March 7, 1902. Serial No. 97,176. (No model.)

To all whom, it 711/151/ cri/warn.

Be it known that I, CHARLES OTTO DEU'rsci-I- MANN, a subject ot' the King of Prussia. Emperor of Germany, residing at 34 South Hill Park, Hampstead Heath, in the county of London, England, have invented a new and useful Improved Rotary Motor, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to rotary motors, and is largely a more detailed and further extended practical application of a very economical method to regulate and adjust automatically' in rotary motors a positive steam-tight interaction of the motorie iiuid with its rotating main body by means of the movable powerchest described in a previous application.

The employment ot' a channeled and valved movable block called a Lpower-chest for securing a self-adjusting steam-tight transmission of Huid-pressure vto a rotating drum is the subject ot my application tiled on July 1, 1901. The present invention relates to the application of these power-chests to rotary motors. In it the .correlation between drum, power-chest, and frame is altered and adapted to suit various requirements and types of motors. The movable power-chestpermits the practical construction in a rotary type of almost all the varied types of engines and motors now working with reciprocating mechanism, (cranks, pistons, and cylinders;)

The drawings illustrate, by way of example, three principal standard types of rotary motors, all of them the embodiment of one or several power-chests pressing upon a drum or ring. They illustrate some of my further eX- tended improvements in the employment and adaptation of a new element of machinery.y known as the valved movable power-chest into a series ot standard designs and types of rotary motors, which I made the principal object of this application.

These improvements constitute the general outlines and types Jfor a horizontal rotary ring motor, a combined type of a series of motorie elements forming a ships engine, and the type of a motor with perforated frame and modified forms of power-chest. I attain these objects bythe mechanism, form, shape, and

combination of parts and power-chests illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which# Figure 1 is a top view of a horizontal ring motor carrying magnets 7 on its circumference. 1 and 2 are the frame, 6 the ring, and 8 the power-chests. The frame lies horizontal on the pillars 5. Fig. 2 is a section through A B ot' Fig. 1. Fig. 3 illustrates a side elevation of a large ships engine working with triple expansion and instantly reversible. The simultaneous action of the reversing-bodies within the power-chests is shown at 28 and 26. Fig. 4 is a view from above of Fig. 3 with an upper half removed and showing the reversing-gear at 26. Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the middle of one ot' the three motorio elements forming the ships engine. Fig. 6 is an end View of the ships engine, showing the details of the reversing-gear and the joining' of the halves and the boxes inclosing the power-chests. Fig. 7 is a vertical section ot' a stationary engine, showing powerchests accessible from inside the frame. Fig. 8 is a horizontal section of Fig. 7, showing a diferent reversing-gear and some steam-tight drum ends and bearings. Fig. 9 is an outer View of this reversible stationary motor.

Similar numerals reifer to similar parts throughout the several views and sections of each type ol motor, as follows: thelower halt' of frame, 1; the upper half of frame, 2; terrace for induction-body, 3; ball-bearing, 4; supporting-pillars, 5; ring, 6; magnets, 7; powerchests, 8; powerchest-covering boxes, 9; vacuum-space, 10; adjustment-bolts, 11; eX- pansion-valve, 12; regulating-valve, 13; eX- pansion-chamber, 14.

The inclosed type of rotary motor electric generator illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 differs from the similar illustration attached to the application filed July 1, 1901, in the following principal points: The frame 1 and 2 incloses the rotating ring vacuum-tight and forms a vacuum-chamber 10 between and around the power-chests. This frame forms at the same time a substantial bedding for a ball-bearing 4 for the ring vG. The frame again has an outer terrace 3 on the same level sis or stepped to support the `induction-body forming the electric generator. All this part ot' the frame constitutes the lower half 1 and may be made in one solid casting in smaller types ot' generators. The upper half 2 of the frame Jforms the component and corresponding inclosure Jfor the power-chests 8 and the vacuum-space. It projects over the ring and may be cast in one solid piece. The ring 6 of the generator has tlutings on the inside and the magnets 7 on the outside. It is supported on its plane face by a substantial ballbearing at L1. The power-chests 8 act upon the inside oi' the ring. They have a regulating-valve 13 in the shape ot' a slide actuated from outside and another valve, 12, for the expansion-chamber. The central line of cavities on the inside of the ring communicates with an expansion-chamber inside each pow erchest. This expansion-chamber directs the expanding motor iiuid upon additional cavities to the right and left of the central cavities on and upon the inner surface otl the ring. All three rows ot' cavities empty into the space 10, formed by the trame inclosing the ring. Three outlets for the exhauststearn are provided on the lower frame-casting. The covering-boxes9 for the back faces of the power-chests each have an inlet, as shown. Each box 9 has a projection at each ot' its four corners to inclosc the adjustment nuts and bolts 11, designed to act from outside upon the otherwise-automatic regulation of the power-chests and, it' required, from time to time to withdraw one ot' the powerchests from contact with the ring, even with some degree of pressure remaining in the covering-boxes or' the power-chests.

1n a general way and with nuts 11 in a slack position the pressure of the powerchests is regulated automatically by the difference of steam-pressure at the back and on the front face of the power-chest. This dit'- ference of pressure is attained by the adjustment of the valve-slide 13 at the back of the power-chest.

The adjustment-nuts given a small amount of play will indicate whether a power-chest is in contact with the ring or receded. Besides this can be detected by a certain sound coming from these adjustment-bolts. This hori- Zontal type ot' ring motor is in all its parts easily accessible from underneath and has ample space tor a man to stand in the center ot' it and attend to its regulation.

I have not illustrated any centrifugal or elcctrical regulating-governors; but they may be of any convenient practical type and should be arranged to act upon the main steam-supply.

Fig. 3 illustrates the movable power-chests applied to the construction of a large ships engine. The parts are indicated by the following figures: the lower haltl or frame, 15; the upper halves, 16; the drums, 17; the power-chests, 18; bearings under pressure,

19; bearings plain, 20; power-chest-covering boxes, 21; regulating-valves, 22; the reversing-gear, 23; adjustment-bolts, 24; pressuregages, 25; reversing-gear inside power-chest, 26. The power-chests at 18 are very similar to those employed in the horizontal ring motor, Figs. 1 and 2'. The covering-boxes for the power-chests at 21 are also similar. The frame of the ring motor forms at the same time the vacuum-chamber. In a similar way the frame 15 and 16 otl this ships engine, divided into motoric elements oi' any desired number, forms the receptacle for the medium otl power leaving the drum-tlutings on passing the respective power-chests. This system ot` placing a number ot' these motoric elements in series on one common main shaft is the most economical way ot' fully utilizing all the energy obtainable from extremely-high pressures of the elastic media for power transmission. The liow oi' the pressure medium is not in blows and pulsations like in a cylinder and piston-engine; but it is a steady uninterrupted current. This permits of the employment ot' pressure-gages at 25 upon the bodies of the motoric elements, as is illustrated in Fig. 3. By means of these pressure-gages a reliable indication is given that the pressure is evenly distributed down to the last motoric element. Any irregularity in the distribution or' pressure can be regulated by valves ixed outside the power-chest-covering boxes. The powerchests have a regulating-valve ot their own at 22 for regulating the amount otl passage ot" steam in proportion to their frontal pressure. They also have the bolts for the tiner adjustinent at 2&1 similar to the ring-motor.

Fig. 3 shows two types of bearings for shaft. The two bearings toward the crank-flange for the pumps at 20 are bearings made steamtight by means of conical rings inside the bodies, as illustrated. It is preferable to put the bearings under pressure, as illustrated by the other two bearings at 19, including the cam-bearing.

Fig. 1 illustrates a view from above ot' the engine. lt clearly shows the jointing ot' the upper halves with the lower halves, the connccting-tubes of the motoric elements, and the reversing-gear entering the power-chest-covering boxes 26. 1t shows thelast ot' the drums at 17 in section and with the upper halt' removed. t'or reversing the direction of motion.

Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the middle of one of the three motoric elements forming the marine engine. It shows the employnient of a specially-designed reversing-body 23 inside the power-chests. According to the position of this body the engine will rotate in either direction. This reversing-body is fitted into the power-chest 18 from the rear and this then covered with the lid. This lid has the same sliding valve 22, as shown, with the other power-chests.

Means are shown diagrammatically IOO IOS

Fig. 5 illustrates the outlines of the casting for the lower half of a motorie element. The foot constituting the base of the engine reaches just up to the jointing-flanges for the upper frame and power-chest-covering boxes 21.

Fig. 6 is an end view of the first motorie element, showing the reversing-lever at 23 and the connections between the reversinglever and the reversing-body, the jointings of the halves and power-chest covers, and a manhole in the upper half to inspect the surface of the drum. It also illustrates at 26 that the reversing-body obtains its motion from the connecting-rods by means of wheel-gearing inside the power-chests. This wheel-gearing is of a coarse pitch and has coarse clubsheets to permit a sufiicient amount of sliding motion for the power-chests. It will be seen that these power-chests have the usual adjustment-bolts at 24. For the medium high pressure a motor with a single drum of about the aggregate length of those three drums appears to attain to almost the same degree of economy as the one illustrated, provided the fiutings of the drum are made extremely shallow, so as to give very little volume to the passing compressed motor fluid. With this more simple type there is always the option of using the power at less pressure than the main supply Vor of superheating the steam.

Fig. 7 illustrates in vertical section a rotary motor 'designed as a stationary engine and of the reversible type. The parts are distinguished by numerals as follows: the perforatedframe, 27; the drum ends and bearings. 28; the drum, 29; the power-chests, 30; the power-chest coverings, 31; adjustment-bolts, 32greve1'sing-boclies, 33; expansion-chambers, 34; valves for expansion-ehambers, 35; vacuumspace, 36; double packing of power-chests, 37; regulating-valve, 38. This motor differs from the previously-d escribed ships engine in the following: The frame 27 has several openings to permit accessto valves in the powerchests. Toward the drum the frame is closed and forms the vacuum chamber 36. The power-chests 30 have steam-tight packings toward both of their ends at 37. The powerchests have reversing-bodies at 33 of a different shape, but on the same principle. There is an expansion-chamber 36 on either side of the reversing-body inside the power-chests. These expansion-chambers have separate channels and valves for direct supply of power at 35. These valves can be handled from outside. The power-chests have the usual adjustmentbolts at 32 for the finer setting of the powerchests. The power-chests are provided with a screw-valve 38 instead of a slide for the regulation of the motor fluid. The powerchest-covering boxes 31 are more of the shape of a lid.

Fig. 8 illustrates a horizontal section of this motor. lt indicates that the fluting of the drum is in three separate sections. It

also illustrates a hand-lever turning the reversing-body 33. The regulatingvalve for the power-chests can be seen at the right hand at 38. The frame 27 maybe in halves or solid. Fig. 8 shows the bearings at the end of the drum at 28. They considerably strengthen `and support the frame. The exhaust from the upper part of the frame passes around the inside of these drum-end coverings to the lower exhaust. This motor will work very economically with hydraulic pressure, leaving out the expansion-chambers. The reversing-gear may be made to work in the manner described for the marine engine.

Fig. 9 is an outer view of the motor and illustrates the perforated frame and general proportions of the motor as a stationary engine for a workshop or factory. These standard types of motors may be varied to a considerable extent, according to the requirements and employments of the motor so long as the movable power-chest delivering the fluid-pressure upon the drum or ring with efficiency and economy is retained.

I have not illustrated the operation of the power-chests upon the fiat faces of a ring, because I find the contact-surface of thepowerchests wears away unevenly.

All these various types of rotary motors if driven by mechanical power from outside will act as a vacuum-pump or air-compressor and can be made very efficient in this line without altering their principal featuresnamely, power-chests, drum, and framing. The horizontal ring type of rotary motor is most suitable to be used for a centrifugal compressor or vacuum-pump, being of substantial build and with large bearing-surfaces, and thus able to evolve a very considerable centrifugal power. All these types of motors if made on a small scale may have the fiutings of the drums or ring substituted by holes drilled into the surface of contact of the drum, these holes to be of the same depth as the indented flutings and leaving between them a wearing-surface sufficient to form a bearing-face and support for the power-chests.

l/Vhat I claim isl. rIn a rotary motor, the combination of a ring, cavities upon the internal surface of said ring, a ball-bearing' resting upon the frame and supporting said ring, movable powerchests radially adjustable against the interior of said ring, pressure-regulating' valves, expansion-chambers, and valved by-pass on each of said movable power-chests adapted to guide the fluid-pressure tangentially into the cavities of said ring, thereby rotating the ring, substantially as described.

2. The combination in a rotary motor of a ring provided with cavities upon its interior surface, and supported upon a ball-bearing formed by the frame, movable power-chests provided with pressure-regulating valves, expansion-chambers and valved by-pass, framed IOO movably inside the said ring guiding the fluidpressure tangentially into the cavities of said ring in several stages of expansion thereby rotating the ring substantially as described.

3. In a steam-turbine, the combination of movable power chests provided internally with reversion-bodies and with pressure-regulating Valves; said power-chests framed movably in a plurality of motorie elements on a common shaft; bearings between the motorie elements; simultaneous reversing-gear opera-ting all the reversing-bodies, drums with cavities inside each motorie element fixed to a common shaft and operated by means of said power-chests.

4. In a steam-turbine, the combination of movable powerchests provided internally with reversing-bodies, pressure regulating valves and expansion-chambers with valved by-pass, said power-chests mounted movably in a perforated frame; a drum with cavities in sections for high and low pressure adapted to be acted upon bymeans of said power-chests.

5. In asteam-turbine, arotating ring,power chests radially adjustable against the inner surface of said ring, ball-bearings on the frame supporting said ring, an inclosing casing projecting' over said ring and forming a steamtight chamber therewith, means for controlling the access of steam to the face of each power-chest, adjusting 'mechanism for mechanically advancing or receding the powerchests with relation to the ring, and means for reversing the direction of motion of the power-ring.

6. In a steam-turbine in combination the frame l and 2 adapted to inclose and support the rotating ring 6, said ring provided with flutings on its inner surface, said utings forming outlet-channels for the motor uid, a plurality of power-chests 8 provided with inclined passages 14 for the motor fluid from the rear to the front face thereof, said powerchests supported in the rear by pressure of the said motor fluid; set-screws l1 for approaching or receding the power-chests toward or from the surface of the rotating ring 6; and a steam-pipe for the supply of motor Huid from the generator and outlets for the exhaust through the frame-casting', substantially as set forth.

7. In a steam-turbine in combination, the frame l and 2 adapted t0 inciose and support the rotating ring 6, said ring provided with iutings on its inner surface, said flutings forming outlet-channels for the motor Huid, a plurality of power-chests 8 provided with inclined passages 14 for the motor fluid from the rear to the front face thereof, said powerchests supported in the rear by pressure of the said motor iuid; set-screws 1l for approaching or receding the power-chests toward or from the surface of the rotating ring 6; and a steam-pipe for the supply of motor fluid from the generator and outlets for the exhaust through the frame-casting; reversing-gear 23 adapted to reverse the direction of motion of the rotating ring, substantially as set forth.

8. A rota-ry engine adapted to act as a vacuum-pump or air-compressor comprising a rotating ring, cavities on the internal surface of said ring, an air-tight casing surrounding the said ring, bearings adapted to reduce friction between the rotating ring and the casing, -a plurality of power-chests pressed against the internal surface of said ring by the motor fluid and provided with means for mechanical adjustment, regulation of the fluid, and reversal; and supply-pipe from the source of power, and exit-tubes for the exhaust, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES OTT() DEUTSCHMANN.

I/Vitnesses:

A. T. EBswoR'rI-I, L. E. HAYNns. 

